Welcome to Biodiversity of Turkey

Turkey, being located in crossings between Europe, Asia and African continents, having three sides surrounded by seas of different ecological characters, and exceeding 5,000 meters exceeding height differences starting from sea level, climatic diversity, possessing two of the most important bird migration routes; has a wealth of biodiversity that cannot be compared to its neighbours. Our country has forest, mountain, steppe, wetland, coastal and marine ecosystems and different forms and combinations of these ecosystems. This extraordinary ecosystem and habitat diversity has brought with it an important diversity of species. To appropriate Turkey’s wealth in flora species, a comparison with the continent of Europe will be sufficient: While there are 12.500 gymnospermous and angiospermous plant species in the entire continent of Europe, it is known that there are such species close to this number (about 11.707) in Anatolia alone, with one third of those are endemic to Turkey.


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